by Arianna Shimits
In the world of music, the stage is where the magic unfolds. For musicians, the journey from countless hours of solitary practice to the exhilarating moment of performance is a complex interplay of psychological factors. In this blog post, we will delve into the depths of performance psychology, examining how memorization, attention, comparison, the flow state, and adrenaline shape the lives of musicians.
Memorization: Weaving Artistry into Memory
Imagine a musician preparing to perform a complex piece. Beneath their composed exterior lies the hidden challenge of memorization—a task that goes beyond the mechanical learning process. It's about forging a profound mental connection with the music and its artistry (Ginsborg, 2004).
Musicians often divide their repertoire into more manageable sections, a form of mental compartmentalization that enhances their memory (Ginsborg, 2004). This approach allows them to navigate the maze of intricate passages with ease. The use of
compartmentalization is necessary; however, memorization isn't just about recalling notes; it's also about painting a vivid mental map of the piece (Ginsborg, 2004). Through visualization, musicians create a rich mental script that guides them during the performance.
It is worth noting that musicians don't stop at memorizing the notes, they also immerse themselves in the emotions woven into the composition. This emotional connection creates the artistic element that breathes life into their performance, allowing them to convey the deepest nuances of the piece to their audience (Ginsborg, 2004).
Attention: The Art of Staying Present
Sustaining unwavering focus during a performance is vital. Musicians constantly grapple with the internal noise of wandering thoughts, anxiety, and the presence of external distractions (Mornell & Wulf, 2019). They deploy a repertoire of techniques to remain anchored in the present moment.
Many musicians turn to mindfulness meditation, a practice that trains their minds to stay in the here and now (Mornell & Wulf, 2019). Deep, rhythmic breathing serves as a lifeline, calming nerves and grounding them in the present (Mornell & Wulf, 2019). Additionally, they cultivate pre-performance rituals, creating a mental sanctuary that bolsters their concentration and assists with performance optimization (Mornell & Wulf, 2019).
Comparison: Navigating the Social Media Mirage
In today's era of social media, musicians often find themselves preoccupied by the web of
constant comparison. While healthy competition can be a motivating force, an overdose of comparison can breed self-doubt and anxiety (Kageyama, 2012). No two paths are identical, and musicians are encouraged to embrace their uniqueness, understanding that each musician's journey is distinct (Kageyama, 2012).
Seeking constructive feedback from trusted sources becomes the compass for growth, rather than seeking validation through comparison (Kageyama, 2012). Process or task-based goal setting can be highly beneficial to musicians. By shifting the focus from external benchmarks to personal growth, musicians can realign their attention with their
individual goals and values (Kageyama, 2012).
The Flow State: Where Music and Mind Harmonize
The flow state represents the sweet spot where musicians are fully immersed in their
performance (Antonini Philippe et al., 2022). In this transcendent moment, time loses its grip, self-consciousness dissipates, and it's just the musician and the music (Antonini Philippe et al., 2022). Achieving this state requires a delicate balance of challenge and skill, where the music's difficulty aligns perfectly with a musician's skill level. Anything less can result in boredom, while exceeding one's skill level may trigger performance anxiety (Antonini Philippe et al., 2022).
Staying in the present moment and focusing on immediate feedback becomes paramount. Flow can only be experienced when musicians are completely absorbed in what they are doing (Antonini Philippe et al., 2022).
Adrenaline: Taming the Performance Beast
The rush of adrenaline preceding a performance can be both exhilarating and
overwhelming. Musicians have learned to harness this surge of energy through a series of
pre-performance routines, task-focused self-talk, and arousal regulation techniques like controlled breathing and grounding exercises (Paese & Egermann, 2023). This adrenaline isn't a challenge or barrier to be conquered, but rather a vital force that propels their artistry (Paese & Egermann, 2023).
For musicians, the journey from the solitary confines of the practice room to the luminous stage is a psychological symphony. It encompasses memorization, attention, comparison, the flow state, and adrenaline management. By mastering these aspects of performance psychology, musicians not only enhance their technical prowess but also elevate their stage presence, forging a profound connection with their audiences. It's not just about playing the notes; it's about sharing the essence of the music, leaving an indelible mark on the hearts and souls of those who listen.
References
Antonini Philippe, R., Singer, S. M., Jaeger, J. E. E., Biasutti, M., & Sinnett, S. (2022).
Achieving Flow: An Exploratory Investigation of Elite College Athletes and Musicians.
Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 831508. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.831508
Ginsborg, J. (2004). Strategies for memorizing music. Musical excellence: Strategies and
techniques to enhance performance, 123-141.
Kageyama, N. (2012, September 23). Comparing Yourself With Others: Good or Bad?
Bulletproof Musician. https://bulletproofmusician.com/comparing-yourself-with-others-
good-or-bad/
Mornell, A., & Wulf, G. (2019). Adopting an external focus of attention enhances musical
performance. Journal of Research in Music Education, 66(4), 375-391.
Paese, S., & Egermann, H. (2023). Meditation as a tool to counteract music performance
anxiety from the experts’ perspective. Psychology of Music, 0(0)